Implementation of a Circular Economy (CE) Model in Household Waste Collection Services

The study presents the development and validation of an integrated digital Circular Economy (CE) model designed to enhance household waste collection services through behavioral incentives and real-time operational analytics. The research combines a point-based accounting system, Geographic Information System (GIS)-supported route optimization, and a digital verification dashboard to align individual motivation with institutional efficiency. A mixed-method design involving surveys, interviews, prototype development, and alpha-stage testing was conducted in three pilot areas—Ciseureuh, Bunder, and Jatiluhur Villages of Purwakarta Regency. Results show that households achieved an average segregation quality of 0.84, collectors improved route efficiency by over 14%, and waste banks maintained verification accuracy above 97%. Correlation analysis revealed a strong relationship between segregation quality and reward accumulation (r = 0.84) and sustainable behavioral elasticity (β = 0.59–0.75). The integration of real-time digital feedback, financial and non-financial incentives, and geospatial routing reduced operational distance and emissions while strengthening transparency and user engagement. The findings confirm that the proposed CE model effectively operationalizes sustainability principles into quantifiable behavioral and logistical outcomes. This approach provides a replicable framework for municipalities seeking data-driven, inclusive, and technologically compliant waste management systems aligned with Indonesia’s National Waste Management Strategy 2025 and Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) roadmap.